How First Time Home Buyer Loans Work

By Justin Pritchard, About.com Guide

Advantages and Disadvantages of First Time Home Buyer Loans

First time home buyer loans allow buyers to get into a house more easily. However, just because you’re a first time home buyer doesn’t mean you should use a first time home buyer loan. These programs have restrictions and strings attached. While they are a perfect fit for some, first time home buyer loans are the wrong choice for others.

In addition to loan programs, be sure to learn about the First-Time Homebuyer Tax Credit.

 

What is a First Time Home Buyer Loan?

A person’s first home purchase is a big deal. It takes time, energy, and money. To help with the money hurdle, some people use first time home buyer loans. These programs vary depending on where they’re offered, but the general idea is this: first time home buyer loans give financial assistance to qualified borrowers. They may do this in the following ways:

• Allow for a very low (or no) down payment
• Subsidize interest costs (they pay all or part of it)
• Offer grants
• Forgive loans
• Limit fees that lenders are allowed to charge
• Defer payments

Note that first time home buyer loans available to you might offer any or none of the benefits listed above. You should research first time home buyer loans available in your area. A good place to start is the HUD Web siteon home buying programs.

 

Who Gets First Time Home Buyer Loans?

As you might imagine, individuals who have never owned a home are good candidates. In addition, some programs offer first time home buyer loans to people who have not found a home within the last three years. Again, check to see what’s available to you.

You may have to meet certain income restrictions to qualify for a subsidized first time home buyer loan. In general, these programs try to limit benefits to people with low and moderate income levels. If you earn too much, you won’t qualify for the program.

 

First Time Home Buyer Loan Restrictions

Most programs put a dollar limit on the property you’re buying. You probably can’t use a first time home buyer loan to buy the more expensive properties in your area. Instead, you’ll be limited to properties on the lower end of the spectrum. Again, the idea is to benefit people who have the most need.

You also have to live in the home as your primary residence. If you’re going to rent the place out, don’t use the first time home buyer loan. Finally, the home you buy most likely has to meet some physical requirements. It must be in good condition and free from any safety hazards (such as lead-based paint, for example).

 

First Time Home Buyer Loan Pitfalls

For some first time home buyers, these programs are perfect. They open the door to home ownership where a family would not have been able to buy a home. Communities also benefit from first time home buyer loans – homeowners take care of their property, get involved, and contribute to the economy. Nevertheless, first time home buyer loans can be the wrong choice in some cases.

With a subsidized first time home buyer loan, you face some challenges:

• Lower value home may not be the home you want
• You might lose some of the benefits of the program if you sell your home too soon
• You may have to pay recapture tax for some of the benefits you received
• You may be limited to a short list of loan types (only 30 year fixed rate mortgages for example)
• You may have to share increased home values with the program

Given these restrictions, you may do best to avoid subsidized first time home buyer loans. Patrick Schwerdtfeger, a California mortgage broker, notes that you’ll probably come out ahead using a plain-vanilla mortgage if you’ve got decent credit (Mr. Schwerdtfeger also does the Beyond the Rate podcast – required listening for first time home buyers). With a FICO credit score above 720, you probably won’t see an advantage with the subsidized first time home buyer loan. Once you get below 680, the subsidized program will start to look better. These days, you can get traditional mortgages or FHA loans with very little down.

• How FHA Loans Work

The best thing to do is to explore all your options. Take a look at what your traditional mortgage lender is offering, and compare it to the subsidized first time home buyer loans. Once you see how the numbers compare, consider the cost of flexibility.